Customization

Before executing, check for user customizations at: ~/.claude/LIFEOS/USER/CUSTOMIZATIONS/SKILLS/Interceptor/

If this directory exists, load and apply any PREFERENCES.md, configurations, or resources found there. These override default behavior. If the directory does not exist, proceed with skill defaults.

MANDATORY: Voice Notification (REQUIRED BEFORE ANY ACTION)

You MUST send this notification BEFORE doing anything else when this skill is invoked.

1. Send voice notification:

   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:31337/notify \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
     -d '{"message": "Running the WORKFLOWNAME workflow in the Interceptor skill to ACTION"}' \
     > /dev/null 2>&1 &
   

2. Output text notification:

   Running the **WorkflowName** workflow in the **Interceptor** skill to ACTION...
   

This is not optional. Execute this curl command immediately upon skill invocation.

Interceptor — Real-Browser Automation + macOS Computer Use

First rule, above everything else: if you catch yourself about to ask the operator to do something in a browser — open a URL, click, fill a form, log in, paste a value, approve an OAuth/consent page — that urge IS the trigger to use Interceptor. Drive it yourself. The only exception is a step that needs a secret you genuinely don't hold (an unknown password, a hardware 2FA tap); even then, drive the flow up to that exact point, then surface only the one human-only action. Narrating clickwork a human has to perform is the precise failure this skill exists to prevent.

What It Does

Interceptor drives the real Chrome/Brave browser from inside it, and drives native macOS apps when the bridge is installed. Six capability classes, each its own verb tree: visual capture, DOM read, JS eval, network capture, input, and record/replay. It stays logged into your real sessions, passes every major bot-detection check, and is the mandatory tool for visual deploy verification.

The Problem

Headless browser tools speak CDP, which sites can fingerprint and block — so the automated browser sees a different page than a logged-in human does, or gets blocked outright. They also run as a separate browser instance with no auth, so they can't reach anything you're signed into. And when a page breaks — a blank screen after mount, a hydration mismatch, cards that flash and vanish — a screenshot tells you nothing about why. Interceptor solves all three: it operates through the actual browser UI (zero CDP fingerprint), uses your real signed-in sessions, and reads the live DOM, console errors, and network traffic to explain failures a screenshot can't.

How It Works

Interceptor is a Chrome extension that operates through the actual browser UI plus an optional macOS bridge that extends the same control surface to native apps, OS-level input, and on-device VMs.

Tool: interceptor CLI — Chrome/Brave extension that controls the real browser from inside, plus a macOS bridge that drives native apps, OS-level input, and full VM lifecycle. Repo: https://github.com/Hacker-Valley-Media/Interceptor Install: the signed Interceptor-Browser-<v>.pkg / Interceptor-Full-<v>.pkg from the upstream releases page, or interceptor upgrade --full on an existing install. Building from source is optional — see Workflows/Update.md. Chrome extension: the signed installer registers it for you. If you build from source instead, Tools/Pin.sh copies the built extension/dist into ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Extension/ — that directory does not ship with the skill, Pin.sh creates it — and Chrome loads it via "Load unpacked". Provenance is recorded in Extension/PINNED_FROM.txt (source path, manifest version, content SHA256, timestamp). Chrome disables unpacked extensions on every manifest bump, so after any source rebuild the copy must be re-pinned and reloaded. It does NOT auto-follow upstream. Pinned binary: any interceptor >= 0.23.16 works with this skill. (Maintainer machine note — does not describe public installs: the maintainer's binary is built from a local branch local-0.23.16, upstream tag v0.23.16 plus a cherry-picked screenshot --save fix that honors --out and defaults to ~/Downloads; re-cherry-pick on every upgrade until upstreamed, and build from source rather than interceptor update since the self-updater would drop the patch. On a stock install, screenshot --save writes to cwd — pass --out explicitly.) Upstream is a three-surface control plane: Browser + macOS + iOS (drive an owned, Developer-Mode iPhone via an on-device XCUITest runner over WiFi — interceptor ios *). Tab Lifecycle Policy (new in 0.23.3): named-group reuse is default-on and idle managed groups auto-close after 10 min — see Tab hygiene below.

Capabilities Overview — Six Verb Trees

Each row is an independent capability class. Each one uses a different WebSocket message type at the daemon→extension boundary, so a wedge on one rarely affects the others. When debugging a broken page, every row is a separate diagnostic path — never bail on Interceptor because screenshot hangs without trying eval, net log, or monitor first.

Verb tree	Top-level verbs	What you get
VISUAL	screenshot (DOM-render default — works backgrounded), screenshot --region, screenshot --pixel --full (window must be visible)	PNG/WebP at any size, selector, region, or scroll-and-stitch full page. Route through Tools/Capture.sh, never raw interceptor screenshot. Zoom into fine detail with Tools/Zoom.ts.
DOM READ	read [--markdown], tree, text, html <ref>, find	Accessibility tree, structured markdown, raw markup, refs
JS EVAL	eval <code>, eval --main	Run JavaScript in isolated or main world — the way you read console errors, runtime exceptions, hydration warnings, and DOM state at runtime
NETWORK	net log, net headers, net export --format har|pcapng|json, override, headers add/remove	Passive request capture with zero CDP fingerprint; HAR 1.2 + pcapng for Wireshark
INPUT	click, type, keys, act <ref> [--trusted], drag, scroll, select, focus	Browser + native macOS input; --trusted for OS-level HID source state. click --selector <css> clicks by CSS selector (0.23.6+), returns the clickable e<ref>, and auto-escalates to an OS-level click when the synthetic one is rejected
RECORD/REPLAY	monitor start/stop, monitor export --plan, monitor export --format har	Real user-flow capture as deterministic replay scripts; multi-session, browser + macOS AX events

Reading console errors is a recipe, not a separate verb: inject a console.error / window.error listener via eval --main, store events on window.__errs, then eval again to read them back. Useful for hydration mismatches, React error boundaries, JS exceptions on load, and any silent runtime failure. Triggering a reload between install and read loses the captured errors — capture happens after load, so reproduce-by-reload doesn't help; instead capture forward from the next user action, or poll getEventListeners(window) / DOM mutation observers for evidence of failure.

Why this matters in practice. Hydration failures on Astro pages, blank-page after React mount, "cards flash and disappear" — all of these surface through eval reading the live DOM state and console captures, not through screenshots. A screenshot wedge does not block diagnosis; the page is still inspectable through every other verb tree.

New surfaces & verbs (0.17 → 0.22.37)

What 0.22.2 → 0.22.37 added (2026-07 releases):

• Screenshot auto-fallback (0.22.37) — a failed DOM-render capture now automatically retries as --pixel (side effects disclosed in the result; --no-fallback opts out). This covers render failures (injection-blocked pages, mid-navigation), NOT silent mis-composites — the animated-page --pixel/DOM-geometry cross-check rule in OPERATIONAL_RULES still stands.
• Half-open WebSocket detection (0.22.37) — daemon keepalive-ack catches dead-but-open extension connections that previously hung silently.
• Deterministic tab targeting (0.22.9–10) — tab close <id> / tab switch <id> act on the id you pass (strictly numeric), never the working tab.
• File upload overhaul (0.22.21) — any size, dropzones, native pickers.
• Safari surface (0.22.32) and MCP server (0.22.35, interceptor mcp install) — both deliberately unused here: we drive Chrome test-profile via CLI.
• a11y widening (0.22.37) — zero-area inline wrapper elements are no longer pruned from the tree.

The six browser verb trees above are still the core. What the jump from 0.16.9 added:

• iOS (interceptor ios *) — drive an owned, unlocked, Developer-Mode iPhone over WiFi via an on-device XCUITest runner (not WebDriverAgent). Verbs: tree, find, click, type, scroll, screenshot, app launch|activate|terminate. Setup is Xcode self-service or a no-Xcode login that re-signs the runner with your Apple ID.
• interceptor diagnose — one post-failure snapshot: daemon (with its real exec path), every connected context probed in parallel, monitor state. Catches the daemon split-brain — Chrome spawns one daemon binary while the CLI talks to another, previously a silent 15s timeout. Run it first when anything acts wedged.
• interceptor manifest — machine-readable specs for 50+ verbs (usage, flags, returns semantics). Discover the contract without scraping help text.
• Per-agent tab groups (--group <label> / INTERCEPTOR_GROUP) — pen each agent into its own colored, hard-isolated tab group so several agents share one browser with no cross-bleed. interceptor group list|close <label>. A second isolation layer alongside --context.
• interceptor save — pull raw bytes (Blob / ArrayBuffer / blob:) straight off a live page to disk without a downloads folder; returns a sha256.
• interceptor ocr / canvas ocr — offline Tesseract pixel OCR, bundled into the extension (no bridge, no macOS needed).
• interceptor macos cdp * — drive the web contents of Electron / Chromium desktop apps (Slack, VS Code, Notion, Descript) the same way as a browser tab.

CLI contract (0.22.1): arguments are now order-independent (open --text-only <url> parses correctly), and browser-only installs hide the macOS/iOS verbs (--all-surfaces / INTERCEPTOR_ALL_SURFACES overrides). Bare interceptor / --help print a concise capability card; use help <cmd> or interceptor manifest for the full contract.

Why Interceptor?

CDP-based browser automation gets detected by sites. Interceptor is a Chrome extension that operates through the actual browser UI. No debugger, no automation flags, no separate browser instance. You stay logged in, you pass bot detection, the agent sees what you see. The optional macOS bridge extends the same control surface to native applications, OS-level input, and on-device VMs — that combination is what "Computer Use" means in this skill.

Interceptor vs Apify vs BrightData — which one, by scale × auth

Three tools touch "get data from a page," but they don't overlap much. Pick by how many pages and whether being logged in matters, not by which you reached for last time.

• Interceptor — one real, signed-in browser you drive. Use it when being logged into your own session matters, the target actively blocks bots, or the job is interactive: a deploy to verify, an OAuth/login/form flow, a debug pass, or extraction from a handful of auth-gated pages. The tell: you could open each page by hand and it'd look like you.
• Apify — managed cloud actors for bulk extraction from a named platform (Instagram, LinkedIn, TikTok, YouTube, Facebook, Google Maps, Amazon). Use it when you want hundreds-to-thousands of items, in parallel, structured, with proxy rotation. The tell: you'd never open these by hand, and there's a per-platform actor for it.
• BrightData — 4-tier progressive scraping of an arbitrary site (no named actor) that auto-escalates to residential proxy for heavy bot-detection/CAPTCHA at crawl scale.

One-line test: one page you could log into → Interceptor; N items on a named platform → Apify; a whole arbitrary site behind hard bot-detection → BrightData. Interceptor is one browser on this Mac — it does not do managed parallelism, proxy pools, or per-platform extractors, and pushing thousands of profiles through it is serial, slow, and risks your real accounts. Don't reach for it to replace Apify's scale, or for Apify when you need to be the logged-in user on a page or two.

Hard Prohibitions — Operative on Every Invocation

Visual verification goes through Interceptor only. The following are FORBIDDEN with zero exceptions:

• screencapture — the raw macOS screenshot binary. Not as a primary tool, not as a fallback when Interceptor wedges, not "just for one screenshot." Forbidden.
• osascript for Chrome control — no tell application "Google Chrome" to activate, no set frontmost of process, no set bounds of window, no set active tab index, no set index of window, no other window-state mutation. Forbidden.
• osascript System Events keystrokes — no key code, no keystroke, no key down. These send input to whatever is focused, which steals from the operator. Forbidden.
• Any focus pull in service of automation — bringing Chrome (or any app) to the front so a screenshot will land is forbidden. The bridge's CGS / DOM-render paths capture without focus change.
• Any window-state mutation — moving, resizing, repositioning, or reordering Chrome windows is forbidden. The operator owns their window arrangement; the agent never touches it.
• AppleScript-driven tab switching — set active tab index of window N is doubly forbidden: it both pulls focus and changes which tab the operator is looking at.

These rules survive Interceptor failures. A wedged Interceptor is NOT a license to use raw OS tools. When Interceptor cannot deliver evidence, the recovery is to fix Interceptor (see WebSocket-wedge gotcha below) or to STOP and tell the operator the verification cannot be captured this run — never to fall back.

Bridge-routed Computer Use is separate. interceptor macos open <app>, interceptor macos act <ref>, interceptor act <ref> --trusted (formerly --os) and other bridge-routed actions go through the sanctioned bridge surface and are allowed when a workflow explicitly requires native app control. The prohibition above is on (a) raw OS-level paths that bypass Interceptor entirely AND (b) focus-pulling purely in service of a screenshot.

Preflight Isolation Gate (MANDATORY)

Every browser workflow's first step. No exceptions.

Before any interceptor open|read|act|inspect|screenshot|navigate|tab|monitor|net|cookies|scroll|click|type lands in Chrome, the workflow runs the gate. Prefer the auto-recovering entry point — it runs the gate and, if the test profile window just isn't open, launches it and re-verifies before returning:

bash ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/EnsureTestProfile.sh   # runs the gate; auto-launches the test profile on exit 5/6; prints READY on success

EnsureTestProfile.sh wraps PreflightIsolation.sh (the raw gate — still callable directly when you want no auto-launch). Both exit non-zero on any unrecoverable failure; on non-zero, STOP and surface — never fall back to Default. The gate asserts these invariants:

1. Binary version >= 0.16.0 — older builds silently ignore --context and fall back to whichever Chrome connection the daemon can find. That fallback is how a tab lands in the operator's Default window.
2. The pinned test context is connected — matched whole-field against the UUID column (not a substring grep, so a header or partial collision can't false-pass). Without it, the operator's Default profile is the only available target.
3. Target is not Default. The context the next command will hit is resolved and checked against Default and the INTERCEPTOR_WORKING_PROFILE_IDS deny-list before any tab is touched. A Default/working-profile match is a hard stop (exit 7).
4. Extension freshness (graceful). Extension/PINNED_FROM.txt (manifest version + content SHA256) is compared against the upstream $INTERCEPTOR_SRC/extension/dist if present. Mismatch → fail with re-pin remediation. Upstream absent (currently true) → WARN and continue. This does NOT key off status --verbose (that command exposes no extension-build field).

If any check fails, the script exits non-zero with a structured remediation message to stderr. The workflow MUST STOP on a non-zero exit. Surface the message. Do not fall back to operating against the Default profile, ever. Do not "try anyway." Do not use screencapture or osascript as a substitute.

Exit codes (for handlers that need to discriminate):

• 2 — interceptor binary not on PATH
• 3 — version string unparseable
• 4 — version below minimum (upgrade via Workflows/Update.md)
• 5 — no browser contexts connected (Chrome closed or extension dead)
• 6 — pinned test context missing (one-time profile setup needed)
• 7 — resolved target is Default or a working profile (hard stop)

The gate is doctrine. It runs unconditionally — for read-only public-page fetches, for authenticated tooling verification, for screenshot capture, for everything. There is no "safe to skip" case, because every silent fallback to Default is a violation of the operator's window.

Isolation Doctrine (CRITICAL — hard rule, enforced in code)

Every browser command runs against the pinned, isolated Interceptor test context — ALWAYS that context, NEVER the operator's Default profile, NEVER their working/monitoring profiles. This is a constitutional rule, not a preference.

• The target context is INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID from preferences.env. It is commonly pinned to a raw context UUID. Durable fix: replace the raw UUID with the friendly name interceptor-test set in the extension popup — friendly names survive reloads; raw UUIDs rot on every extension reload (see UUID-rot below).
• The isolation boundary is Chrome PROFILE, not user-data-dir. The test profile lives inside the same Chrome installation as the operator's Default profile but with separate cookies, tabs, and window. It IS signed into the operator's accounts (Google, GitHub, Cloudflare, blog admin, other admin dashboards) — that's the whole point. A --user-data-dir sandbox would be useless because it has zero auth and can't reach any of the operator's signed-in tooling.
• The operator's Default profile is read-only by default. Never open a tab, click, type, navigate, or record in Default unless the operator explicitly says so ("verify in my Default profile", "use the main window"). When they do, route via --context <default-id> after interceptor contexts confirms the connection.
• "Different app" is NOT a safety net — the operator's own browser may be Chrome too. When the operator browses in a different application, mistaking their window for the test context is self-correcting. It isn't when both are Chrome. Then the ONLY thing separating their browsing from your automation is the profile pin, so treat every unrecognized Chrome context as theirs, and hand them a URL with open -a "Google Chrome" "<url>" (their normal profile) rather than by navigating a context you control.
• One-time setup lives in Workflows/LaunchTestProfile.md — operator clicks Chrome's avatar menu → Add profile → signs in → loads the Interceptor extension → names the context in the popup.

RETIRED behavior — never re-derive it. The old "fall back to the first available / Default context when the pinned context isn't found" rule is DELETED. A missing or stale pinned context is a hard stop with remediation, never a fallback. There is no code path that auto-routes to Default.

Why bare commands are unsafe. With 2+ contexts connected the daemon hard-errors multiple extensions connected, use --context <id> — that fail-fast is the only thing protecting bare commands today. The moment the operator closes their other browser window (1 context left), a bare command silently auto-routes to whatever single context remains. So --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID" (or routing through Tools/Capture.sh) is mandatory on every browser verb, not optional.

UUID rot — durable fix. Context IDs are profile-stable chrome.storage.local UUIDs that change ONLY on extension reinstall/reload (not on Chrome restart). The durable fix is to set the friendly name interceptor-test in the extension popup once and pin that name. Until then, Tools/Capture.sh performs a guarded auto-rebind — only when exactly one non-Default test context is connected AND Default is provably excluded. A stale pin NEVER falls through to Default.

Why this is doctrine, not preference. The operator's Default profile holds the tabs they're actively working in and the tabs their DA has been driving. The cost of one extra flag on every command is zero. The cost of one stray test tab in their working window — a click, an unexpected redirect — is permanent and disruptive.

Auto-recovery is sanctioned for context-not-connected — via EnsureTestProfile.sh, never a bare launch. When the test profile window simply isn't open (PreflightIsolation.sh exits 5 = no contexts, or 6 = pinned context not connected), Tools/EnsureTestProfile.sh launches the CONFIGURED test profile and re-runs the gate, polling until the pinned context connects. This is safe because of one invariant: it only ever proceeds after PreflightIsolation.sh itself exits 0 — which whole-field-matches the connected context against INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID and hard-denies Default/working profiles. Launching the wrong --profile-directory therefore can never cause the agent to drive it; preflight would still fail and EnsureTestProfile would still stop. The safety lives in the post-launch re-verification loop, NOT in trusting the profile arg. Exit 7 (resolved target IS Default/working) and exit 8 (test context unset) NEVER trigger a launch — those surface and stop. And a bare LaunchTestProfile.sh with no re-verification is still unsafe on its own: always go through EnsureTestProfile.sh. If the launch succeeds but the pinned context never connects (UUID rot after an extension reload), EnsureTestProfile surfaces the one-time durable fix (name the context interceptor-test in the popup) and stops — it does not guess.

Rendering-Lifecycle Gate — the hidden-tab trap (MANDATORY for motion/responsive work)

Chrome suspends the entire rendering lifecycle for any tab whose window is not visible — minimized, fully occluded by another window, or on an inactive Space. In that state:

Still works (so measurements look fine)	Silently dead
setTimeout / setInterval (throttled to ~1/s)	requestAnimationFrame
getBoundingClientRect() — forces layout on demand	ResizeObserver
CSS media queries / static layout	IntersectionObserver
DOM reads, screenshot (DOM-render path)	CSS transitions + animations, lazy-load, scroll-reveal

This is the dangerous kind of failure: nothing errors. A responsive or animated page returns confident, well-formed numbers showing nothing happened, and the natural conclusion is "the feature doesn't fire" or "it works, no change detected." Measured live 2026-07-30: over 5s with two real element resizes, the pinned test context reported visibilityState: hidden, 0 rAF ticks and 0 ResizeObserver callbacks, while setInterval ticked 5 times.

The rule: any claim about animation, transitions, ResizeObserver/IntersectionObserver behavior, lazy-loading, scroll-reveal, or viewport-responsive layout MUST come from Tools/VerifyViewport.ts, never from the standard test context. Driving a component's own recompute by hand to "prove" it works is testing your code with your own hand, not verifying the browser.

bun ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/VerifyViewport.ts check
bun ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/VerifyViewport.ts probe <url> --widths 1440,1100,880 --expr @probe.js
bun ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/VerifyViewport.ts shot  <url> --width 880 --out ~/Downloads/x.png
bun ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/VerifyViewport.ts stop

How it works, and why it can't be done any other way. The anti-throttling switches (--disable-backgrounding-occluded-windows, --disable-renderer-backgrounding, --disable-background-timer-throttling) only take effect at browser-process launch, and one browser process serves one --user-data-dir. They therefore can never be applied to an already-running Chrome, and --profile-directory shares that process — so no amount of profile juggling fixes the operator's browser. VerifyViewport runs a separate headless Chrome in its own --user-data-dir with those flags. Headless creates no window at all, so it puts nothing on the operator's desktop and there is no window state left to depend on — while running the same renderer, with the full lifecycle live. INTERCEPTOR_VERIFY_HEADFUL=1 gives a real (off-to-the-side) window when you need to watch a flow with your own eyes.

It is driven over CDP (interceptor macos cdp) rather than the extension, because --load-extension is dead in current Chrome (silently ignored — confirmed on 152, feature-flag workarounds included) and a custom --user-data-dir gets its own empty NativeMessagingHosts. Viewport size is set with Emulation.setDeviceMetricsOverride, a real layout-viewport change that fires the page's own observers without moving, resizing, or focusing any window — which is the whole point: verification must not depend on where the operator left their windows.

check and every probe/shot assert the lifecycle is live (visibilityState === visible AND rAF actually ticking) and exit non-zero otherwise. There is no degraded mode; a lifecycle failure is a hard stop, never a quiet measurement.

This is additive and touches nothing that worked. The operator's Chrome, the pinned test profile, the isolation gate, and the zero-CDP-fingerprint stealth path are all unchanged. Authenticated pages, real sessions, and bot-detection-sensitive work stay on the extension-driven test context — the verification instance has no logins and no stealth guarantees. Use it for public pages whose behavior over time is what's under test.

Install Modes (0.16.x)

Two install modes, same CLI binary. Confirm with interceptor status and read the mode: line:

Mode	What's installed	What unlocks
mode: full (default for this skill)	CLI + daemon + extension + Swift bridge .app + LaunchAgent	Browser automation plus Computer Use: AX tree, OS-level trusted input, ScreenCaptureKit, Vision OCR, Speech, NLP, Apple Events, OSLogStore, file watching, container runtime, VM lifecycle
mode: browser-only	CLI + daemon + extension	Browser automation only. interceptor macos * returns a structured setup_required error in under 1s. No TCC prompts.

Promote a browser-only install with interceptor upgrade --full. Downgrade with bash scripts/uninstall.sh --bridge-only.

Install channels (pkg installers landed v0.11+):

• Interceptor-Browser-<v>.pkg → mode: browser-only
• Interceptor-Full-<v>.pkg → mode: full
• bash scripts/install.sh --browser-only|--full → dev path
• Linux browser-only supported (Microsoft Edge + Vivaldi also recognized as of v0.13.4)

Operating rule: if the user asks for native and status reports mode: browser-only, respond "I'm on a browser-only install. Run interceptor upgrade --full to enable that." Don't run the macos command anyway to see what happens — the preflight short-circuits, but it wastes turns.

Prerequisites

• Chrome or Brave (or Edge/Vivaldi on supported platforms) running with the Interceptor extension loaded — the signed .pkg installer registers it; on a from-source build, load it once via chrome://extensions/ → Developer Mode → "Load unpacked" → the Extension/ directory Tools/Pin.sh creates
• interceptor CLI in PATH (/opt/homebrew/bin/interceptor)
• interceptor-daemon in PATH (/opt/homebrew/bin/interceptor-daemon)
• Native messaging manifest registered (the signed .pkg does this; from source, bash "$INTERCEPTOR_SRC"/scripts/install.sh --chrome --skip-extension)
• macOS bridge as a LaunchAgent (full mode only) — see Workflows/Update.md
• Sparkle.framework at /usr/local/Frameworks/Sparkle.framework (full mode, v0.10.0+) — bridge depends on it for auto-update

Quick health check:

interceptor --version          # → "interceptor 0.23.16 (<hash>, <date>)" — 0.23.16+ is what matters
interceptor status             # → daemon: running, bridge: running, mode: full|browser-only
interceptor status --verbose   # → adds extension reachability (NO extension-build field; with 2+ contexts it nags "multiple extensions connected" even with --context)
interceptor contexts           # → list of connected browser contexts (multi-profile)
interceptor init               # → one-time write of ~/.config/interceptor/config.toml

Background-First Contract (0.16.x)

The whole product is background-first. Routine work never moves the user's focus.

Surface	Verbs that move focus	Everything else
Browser	open --activate, tab new --activate, tab switch <id>, window focus <id>	Stays on whatever the operator was looking at — click, type, read, inspect, screenshot, net, cookies, scroll, act. New tabs land in the background by default.
macOS	app activate <app>, open <app> --activate	Stays on whatever was frontmost — open (no --activate), all input verbs, AX reads, capture, menu, intent dispatch, vision, overlays.

If you call any verb not listed in the "moves focus" column and the frontmost changes, that's a bug.

Reuse path: open --reuse navigates the existing managed tab without leaving dead tabs behind. Preserves the reused tab's focus state — pair with --activate only when the user explicitly says to bring it forward.

Multi-Context Routing (0.16.x)

When multiple browser profiles are connected (e.g., personal Chrome + isolated test profile + work Brave), commands need to know which one to drive.

interceptor contexts                                          # List connected context IDs
interceptor open <url> --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID"  # Route to the isolated test profile (DEFAULT)
interceptor open <url> --context <main-id>                    # Route to the operator's personal Chrome (only when explicitly requested)

Without --context, browser commands auto-route only when exactly one context is connected — and with one context left that means a bare command silently hits whatever remains. Zero or 2+ contexts fail fast with a structured error. Always pass --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID" (or route through Tools/Capture.sh); never rely on auto-route.

Context IDs are set via the Interceptor extension popup (click the toolbar icon → Context ID field → Save). One-time setup; the daemon remembers across restarts. Set the friendly name interceptor-test here to end UUID rot.

Standing default: --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID". See Workflows/LaunchTestProfile.md for one-time setup.

Computer Use — macOS Native Helper

The bridge is a Swift LaunchAgent that runs as the user and exposes capabilities the Chrome extension cannot provide on its own:

• OS-level trusted input (interceptor act <ref> --trusted, macos type --trusted, macos keys --trusted — bypasses isTrusted checks via HID source state)
• Native macOS app control (interceptor macos open/read/act/inspect — same surface as the browser, against any running app)
• Accessibility tree of any running app for inspection without screenshots
• Screen capture beyond Chrome (full-screen, off-tab, multi-display, occluded windows)
• VM lifecycle (interceptor macos vm create/clone/start/exec/snapshot/restore/stop/delete — Linux + macOS guests, replaces Lume/Tart/UTM)
• Clipboard r/w, audio listen + speech recognition, system notifications, Vision OCR, NLP, Apple Intelligence, HealthKit, display info
• Apple Events dispatch to named bundle IDs without activation
• OSLogStore predicate queries, filesystem search/watching, URL fetch
• Monitor (cross-app workflow recording with optional clipboard/files/network/log/notifications/speech channels and --frames screenshot capture)

Status check: interceptor status reports bridge: running with PID + socket when it's up, or bridge: not running with a hint when it isn't.

Lifecycle (install / verify / troubleshoot / uninstall) lives in Workflows/Update.md. The Update workflow handles binary placement, Sparkle framework install, LaunchAgent plist, launchctl bootstrap, and TCC prompts in the right order.

Security model — read before installing:

• Transport is a UNIX domain socket at /tmp/interceptor-bridge.sock. Local-only; no network listener.
• No authentication on the socket. Any local process running as your user can connect and execute every bridge action. macOS TCC permissions (Accessibility, Screen Recording, Microphone — the trust probe keys are accessibility / screenRecording / microphone, no inputMonitoring field) are granted to the bridge once and inherited by every socket client.
• Marginal risk is supply-chain: a malicious local package gains a one-step path to OS-level input/screen/clipboard without needing its own permission grants.
• Single-user Mac threat model: acceptable, since anything running as you can already do this with effort. Multi-user Macs need socket hardening.

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Compound Commands (Preferred)

These collapse multi-step patterns into single invocations — fewer tool calls, fewer tokens:

interceptor open <url>                              # Open + wait + return tree + text
interceptor open <url> --reuse                      # Navigate existing managed tab
interceptor open <url> --activate                   # Bring new/reused tab to front (explicit opt-in)
interceptor open <url> --tree-only|--text-only|--full|--no-wait|--include-frames
interceptor read                                    # Tree + text for active tab
interceptor read <ref>                              # Subtree
interceptor read --markdown                         # Render page as markdown (preserves headings/tables/emphasis)
interceptor read --markdown --text-only             # Markdown prose only, no tree
interceptor read --tree-only --tree-format compact  # Actionable refs only
interceptor read --include-style|--include-frames
interceptor act <ref>                               # Click + wait + return updated tree + diff
interceptor act <ref> "value"                       # Type + wait + return updated tree
interceptor act <ref> --trusted                     # OS-level HID-sourced input (was --os; --os is deprecated alias)
interceptor act <ref> --keys "Enter"                # Send keyboard shortcut
interceptor act <ref> --no-read                     # Skip post-action tree read
interceptor inspect                                 # Tree + text + network log + headers
interceptor inspect --net-only|--filter <pattern>

--trusted vs --os: v0.13.3 renamed --os to --trusted (canonical). --os is kept as a deprecated alias and emits a warning. Lead with --trusted in new code.

Command Reference (moved)

The full per-verb CLI listing — macOS Native (Computer Use), VM Lifecycle, Core Browser Commands, Network/Exports, Recording (Session Monitor), Canvas, Scene Graph, LinkedIn, ChatGPT Agentic Bridge, Batch + Meta — lives in References/CommandReference.md. Quick pointers:

Verb tree	Reference section
interceptor macos * (native apps, AX, trusted input, Vision/Speech/NLP, Apple Events, logs, fs, overlay)	macOS Native (Computer Use)
interceptor macos vm * (Linux + macOS guests, gold image, clone/snapshot)	VM Lifecycle — plus Workflows/VmLifecycle.md
state, tree, find, click, type, navigate, tabs, screenshot, eval, style, cookies	Core Browser Commands
net log/headers/export, override, network *, sse *, headers *	Network — Passive, CDP, and Exports
monitor * (record/replay)	Recording (Session Monitor)
canvas *, scene *	Canvas / Scene Graph
linkedin *, chatgpt *, batch, status, contexts, init, upgrade	LinkedIn / ChatGPT Bridge / Batch + Meta

Key Rules

• Requires Chrome/Brave running for browser commands — it's an extension, not a standalone binary.
• Requires bridge running for act --trusted, macos *, full-screen capture, VM lifecycle — interceptor status confirms.
• Refs use eN syntax — e12 not @e12. Treat refs as short-lived; re-read or find after navigation, rerenders, or DOM mutations.
• Cross-frame refs — read --include-frames returns refs like e<frameId>_<n> for non-top frames.
• Plain text by default. --json only when piping into a script. Prose-trained models comprehend tree/text output better than dense JSON.
• Daemon auto-starts — first command launches it; no manual start needed.
• Prefer compound commands (open, read, act, inspect) over manual tab new + wait + tree chains.
• Prefer structured reads over screenshots unless the task is explicitly visual or pixel-based — tree/text/network/scene/AX data is faster, smaller, and more deterministic.
• --trusted is canonical; --os is a deprecated alias. v0.13.3+. New code uses --trusted.
• --markdown is the structured-prose surface — preserves headings, tables, emphasis. Use instead of --text-only when visual hierarchy disambiguates the answer.
• Background-first by contract. Only --activate / app activate / explicit tab switch move focus.
• Verify with frontmost before/after. Native workflows that promise no focus change should prove it.
• Never screencapture. Never osascript for Chrome focus, bounds, tabs, or windows. Forbidden under Hard Prohibitions. Survives Interceptor failures.
• Anything lifecycle-dependent goes through Tools/VerifyViewport.ts — animation, transitions, ResizeObserver/IntersectionObserver, lazy-load, scroll-reveal, viewport-responsive layout. The standard test context silently reports zero activity for all of these whenever its window isn't visible. See the Rendering-Lifecycle Gate section.

Delegating to Agents

When spawning agents for Interceptor work:

Agent(subagent_type="general-purpose", prompt="
  Use interceptor CLI for all browser and macOS automation work.
  Browser: open <url> --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID", read [--markdown], act eN, inspect. Screenshots go through Tools/Capture.sh, never raw screenshot.
  Native (macOS): macos open <app>, macos read, macos act <ref>, macos inspect, macos vm *.
  Compound commands preferred — they return tree + text in one call.
  Refs use eN syntax (no @ prefix) from tree output. Treat refs as short-lived.
  Background-first: only --activate and app activate move focus.
  PROFILE ISOLATION (MANDATORY GATE): the FIRST action of this task is
    bash ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/PreflightIsolation.sh
  If that script exits non-zero, STOP and surface the message verbatim — do NOT
  fall back to operating against the Default profile, and do NOT use screencapture
  or osascript as substitutes. After the preflight returns OK, every browser
  command carries `--context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID"`. Never operate in the
  operator's main profile unless the parent agent explicitly says so.
  `act --trusted` for OS-level HID input (was --os).
  FINAL action after your work is done and evidence captured: run
    bash ~/.claude/skills/Interceptor/Tools/CleanupTabs.sh
  to close the tabs you opened in the test profile (keeps the active tab).
  [your specific task instructions here]
")

Workflow Routing

Workflow	Trigger	File	Notes
LaunchTestProfile	"test profile", "launch test profile", "isolated browser", "isolated browser profile", "separate Chrome window", "start interceptor-test"	Workflows/LaunchTestProfile.md	One-time setup + daily launch of the isolated Chrome profile via --profile-directory, extension load, context-ID naming
VerifyDeploy	"verify deploy", "check deploy", "confirm deploy", "deploy verification"	Workflows/VerifyDeploy.md	Open URL in real Chrome (via --context interceptor-test), structured read, check errors, evidence
ScrubFlow	"scrub flow", "record flow to video", "motion bug", "animation jank", "transition stutter", "flicker", "flow gallery", "catch motion a screenshot misses"	Workflows/ScrubFlow.md	Record a web flow to video, extract SSIM-scored frames (survey/scrub via Tools/FrameScrub.ts), catch motion/animation/flow bugs a still screenshot misses
Reproduce	"reproduce", "reproduce bug", "debug page", "check page", "blank screen"	Workflows/Reproduce.md	Open affected page BEFORE code analysis, capture console errors and network 404s
ReadAndExtract	"extract value", "read page", "pull a fact", "SPA state"	Workflows/ReadAndExtract.md	Compound read + SPA state extraction; right surface per task; mode-swap rule
DriveRichEditor	"drive Canva", "drive Docs", "drive Slides", "rich editor", "scene", "scene graph", "canvas-rendered"	Workflows/DriveRichEditor.md	Scene graph + dispatched-event recipes for canvas-rendered editors
OverrideXhr	"override request", "request override", "force 500", "rewrite response", "mutate XHR"	Workflows/OverrideXhr.md	Install passive override, trigger, verify, clear
ScreenshotForVlm	"screenshot for VLM", "VLM screenshot", "agent screenshot", "WebP 1568"	Workflows/ScreenshotForVlm.md	VLM-budgeted screenshot recipe; 1-command budget; --save --format webp --target-max-long-edge
MultiPageCompare	"compare pages", "multi-page compare", "facts across N pages", "designed by X vs Y"	Workflows/MultiPageCompare.md

Examples

• "Verify the blog deploy" → VerifyDeploy: preflight isolation gate, interceptor open <url> --context "$INTERCEPTOR_TEST_CONTEXT_ID", read --markdown, capture via Tools/Capture.sh, report with evidence.
• "The menu animation looks off / does the checkout flow render clean" → ScrubFlow: record the flow to video, bun Tools/FrameScrub.ts <recording> scrub --at <sec>, Read the auto-flagged frame, cite the manifest. Motion/interaction ISCs require this or a flow-gallery, not a single still (Algorithm Rule 1).
• "Why is this page blank after deploy?" → Reproduce: open the page FIRST, eval --main console-error capture, net log for failed requests, then code analysis.
• "Record me approving this flow, then replay it nightly" → RecordFlow + ReplayFlow: monitor start, operator acts, monitor export <sid> --plan, replay the plan script later.

Gotchas

• interceptor dying instantly with rc=137 and ZERO output = invalid code signature, not a wedge. The kernel SIGKILLs adhoc-signed binaries whose signature went stale (observed 2026-06-10 after a system event; both binaries affected). Diagnose: cp the binary to /tmp, codesign -s - -f the copy, run it — if the copy works, re-sign the real ones: codesign -s - -f /opt/homebrew/bin/interceptor && codesign -s - -f /opt/homebrew/bin/interceptor-daemon. BOTH must be re-signed — the CLI spawns interceptor-daemon --standalone and a still-broken daemon yields "daemon failed to start. Check /tmp/interceptor.log" with the log never created. (2026-06-10.)

• Screenshot — how it actually works (0.22.2). Route every capture through Tools/Capture.sh; the raw behavior below is what it wraps.

  • Default interceptor screenshot is the DOM-render path — a dependency-free native renderer since v0.18.3 (html-to-image was removed; injected on demand via executeScript). It renders from the live DOM tree and does NOT require a foreground/visible tab — a backgrounded tab on another macOS Space is fine, and it's fail-fast (no more full-timeout hang on a backgrounded tab).
  • --pixel is the opt-out → legacy captureVisibleTab. It captures the window's active tab, so to capture a specific background tab it briefly activates it and restores focus — the visible flash is by design. --pixel REQUIRES the window non-minimized and visible; minimized → fast honest failure. Full-page --pixel rate-limits strips at 1100ms (Chrome's 2/sec cap) and stitches in the service worker.
  • Reliability is the default path, not a flag. There is no "reliable mode" toggle. The robustness today is the in-extension minimized-window preflight (fails fast instead of hanging ~30s) plus the CLI's 45s screenshot timeout. The cli/lib/screenshot-selfheal.ts wrapper is dormant/unwired — do not cite it.
  • --save writes to the CLI's current working directory and returns filePath (omits dataUrl). It does NOT write to /tmp/pai-screenshots/ — workflows cd there precisely because --save targets CWD. There is no --output <path> flag; positional path args are silently ignored. Per OPERATIONAL_RULES, review artifacts belong in (default when unset), pipeline intermediates in ; standardizes this.

Linux + Flatpak browser — the four-hour class (2026-07-19, Fedora)

All four surfaced in one session on Fedora with Chrome installed as a Flatpak (com.google.Chrome, reached through a ~/.local/bin/google-chrome shim that adds --filesystem=/tmp --filesystem=home --die-with-parent). Read this block before debugging a Linux install; the first symptom looks like a dead extension and is not. (public PR #1682, @pkumaschow.)

• A daemon socket created INSIDE a Flatpak sandbox is not connectable from the host CLI, even though the socket file is plainly visible. /tmp is genuinely shared both directions (a host-written marker reads inside the sandbox and vice versa), so ls -la /tmp/interceptor.sock shows the file — and interceptor status reports daemon: not running in the same second. The endpoint lives in the sandbox's namespace; the visible file is a shadow. The fix is a non-sandboxed browser, not a Flatpak permission tweak. Native Vivaldi is one Interceptor supports; its relay's socket is host-accessible and the CLI connects immediately. Copy the NMH manifest to that browser's own dir first (e.g. ~/.config/vivaldi/NativeMessagingHosts/).
• A windowless orphaned Flatpak instance can hold port 19222 invisibly, and pkill on the PID you can see does not clear it. The operator sees no Chrome window and reasonably reports "no Chrome is open" while bwrap --args N -- chrome --profile-directory=X is still alive with its daemon owning the port, starving every relay that starts afterwards — including a different browser's. kill <pid> on the visible child does not propagate through bwrap. flatpak kill com.google.Chrome is the reliable clear. Check for this whenever a relay reports the port held but no browser is visibly running.
• The relay only attaches to a singleton it spawned itself; a losing duplicate unlinks the winner's socket on exit. The log signature is spawning detached standalone daemon → ws port 19222 already held ... exiting this duplicate → detached standalone daemon did not become ready before timeout → falling back to in-process singleton → exiting so the existing daemon serves everyone. It never falls back to connecting as a plain ws client. Consequence: CLI calls are self-destructive while another daemon owns the port — each one auto-spawns a duplicate that deletes the live socket, so diagnosing the problem re-causes it. If the socket keeps vanishing, stop running CLI commands and fix ownership first. (Upstream-worthy: a daemon should never unlink a socket it did not create.)
• --load-extension is dead (Chrome 137+; confirmed ignored on 150). The profile comes up carrying only the five default component extensions. The chrome://extensions → Load unpacked picker is the only route — and in a Flatpak browser it goes through the XDG Document Portal, so the chosen path appears as /run/flatpak/doc/<id>/... in any error. That prefix is normal and is not the fault. or the operator cannot navigate to the extension at all.

Agent-side footgun from the same session: pkill -f interceptor-daemon run from Bash matches the invoking shell's own command line and kills it — the command dies at exit 144 with truncated output, which reads like a wedge. Split the literal (PAT="intercep""tor-daemon"; pkill -f "$PAT") or kill by PID.

Stealth Verification

Passes all major bot detection:

Check	Result
BrowserScan	Normal
Pixelscan	Definitely Human
Sannysoft	All pass
CreepJS	0% headless
Fingerprint.com	notDetected
AreyouHeadless	Not headless

---

Execution Log

After completing any workflow, append a single JSONL entry:

echo '{"ts":"'$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)'","skill":"Interceptor","workflow":"WORKFLOW_USED","input":"8_WORD_SUMMARY","status":"ok|error","duration_s":SECONDS}' >> ~/.claude/LIFEOS/MEMORY/SKILLS/execution.jsonl