Complete guide for building MCP servers with FastMCP 3.0 - tools, resources, authentication, providers, middleware, and deployment. Use when creating Python MCP
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Complete reference for building production-ready MCP (Model Context Protocol) servers with FastMCP 3.0 - the fast, Pythonic framework for connecting LLMs to tools and data.
Use FastMCP Server when:
Key areas covered:
Create a server with tools:
from fastmcp import FastMCP
mcp = FastMCP("MyServer")
@mcp.tool
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
"""Add two numbers"""
return a + b
Create a resource:
@mcp.resource("data://config")
def get_config() -> dict:
"""Return server configuration"""
return {"version": "1.0", "debug": False}
Create a resource template:
@mcp.resource("users://{user_id}/profile")
def get_user_profile(user_id: str) -> dict:
"""Get a user's profile by ID"""
return fetch_user(user_id)
Create a prompt:
@mcp.prompt
def review_code(code: str, language: str = "python") -> str:
"""Review code for best practices"""
return f"Review this {language} code:\n\n{code}"
Run the server:
if __name__ == "__main__":
mcp.run()
# Or with transport options:
# mcp.run(transport="sse", host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
from fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
mcp = FastMCP("MyServer")
@mcp.tool
def process_data(uri: str, ctx: Context) -> str:
"""Process data with logging and progress"""
ctx.info(f"Processing {uri}")
ctx.report_progress(0, 100)
data = ctx.read_resource(uri)
ctx.report_progress(100, 100)
return f"Processed: {data}"
from fastmcp import FastMCP
from fastmcp.server.auth import BearerAuthProvider
auth = BearerAuthProvider(
jwks_uri="https://your-provider/.well-known/jwks.json",
audience="your-api",
issuer="https://your-provider/"
)
mcp = FastMCP("SecureServer", auth=auth)
Functions exposed as executable capabilities for LLMs. Decorated with @mcp.tool. Support Pydantic validation, async, custom return types, and annotations (readOnlyHint, destructiveHint).
Static or dynamic data sources identified by URIs. Resources use fixed URIs (data://config), templates use parameterized URIs (users://{id}/profile). Support MIME types, annotations, and wildcard parameters.
The Context object provides access to MCP features within tools/resources: logging, progress reporting, resource access, LLM sampling, user elicitation, and session state.
Inject values into tool/resource functions using Depends(). Supports HTTP requests, access tokens, custom dependencies, and generator-based cleanup patterns.
Control where components come from. LocalProvider (default, decorator-based), FileSystemProvider (load from Python files on disk), SkillsProvider (packaged bundles), or custom providers.
Multiple auth patterns: token verification (JWT, JWKS), OAuth proxy, OIDC proxy, remote OAuth, and full OAuth server. Authorization via scopes on components and middleware.
Intercept and modify requests/responses. Built-in middleware for rate limiting, error handling, logging, and response size limits. Custom middleware via @mcp.middleware.
Detailed documentation is organized in the references/ folder:
v1.0.0 (February 2026)